Piperidyl-triazine derivatives as stabilizers for synthetic polymers

ABSTRACT

Novel piperidyl triazine derivatives are produced by reacting a substituted halogentriazine with a polyalcohol, a polymercaptan or a polyamine. The compounds are valuable light stabilizers for synthetic polymers, such as polyolefins, and fast to extraction in aqueous surfactant solutions.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the invention

The present invention relates to novel piperidyltriazine derivatives which are useful for improving the stability to light, heat and oxidation of polymeric substances.

2. Description of the prior art

It is known that synthetic polymers are liable to undergo a severe deterioration of their physical and chemical properties when they are exposed to sunlight or other ultraviolet light source.

In order to improve the stability to light of said synthetic polymers, various stabilizers have been proposed, some of which have found a wide commercial acceptance in the field, such as some benzophenones, benzotriazoles, aromatic salicylates, α-cyanoacrylic acid esters, organo-tin compounds and the like, which although having a certain efficiency level, are not successful to solve the problem completely.

It is further known that some piperidine derivatives of 1,3,5-triazine can be used to protect a polymeric material from degradation due to ultraviolet light.

In particular, French patent 2181 059 describes triazine compounds having the general formula ##STR1## wherein Z', Z", Z"' can be, among others, piperidine radicals of type ##STR2## in which X is --O-- or --NH--.

The above products considerably improve the light stability of polyolefins, but they are of poor utility in the application to an article of small thickness, such as fibers and films, inasmuch as they tend to be extracted by contact with water or aqueous solutions of surfactants, the stabilizer amount remaining in the polymer being no longer sufficient to provide the required light stabilization.

On the other hand the usual commercial light stabilizers, such as benzophenone derivatives, have a reduced effect on light stabilization in polyolefins, when used in articles of small thickness, such as fibers and films.

Therefore there is a need of more efficient light stabilizers for the protection against the polymer degradation due to UV light, as well as stabilizers fast to extraction from the polymer.

SUMMARY

An object of the invention is a novel class of piperidine derivatives of 1,3,5-triazine, useful as light stabilizers for polymers and characterized by an improved fastness to extraction from the polymer in the contact with an aqueous surfactant solution.

The triazine compounds of this invention have the following general formula (I): ##STR3## wherein R₁, R₂ same or different are hydrogen, hydroxyl, a straight or branched chain C₁ to C₁₈ alkyl, a C₅ to C₁₈ cycloalkyl, a substituted or not substituted C₆ to C₁₈ aryl, a C₇ to C₁₈ aralkyl, or a piperidine radical of formula (II) ##STR4## in which R₄, R₅, R₇, R₈ same or different, are each a C₁ to C₆ alkyl and R₆ is H, O, a C₁ to C₁₂ alkyl, a C₂ to C₁₂ alkenyl or alkinyl;

R₁, R₂ can also represent a group ##STR5## in which R₉, R₁₀ same or different, are each hydrogen, C₁ to C₈ alkyl, C₅ to C₈ cycloalkyl or C₆ to C₈ aryl;

X, Y same or different represent --O--, --S--, ##STR6## R₁₁ being H, a straight or branched chain C₁ to C₁₈ alkyl, C₅ to C₁₈ cycloalkyl, C₆ to C₁₈ aryl, C₇ to C₁₈ aralkyl, or a piperidine radical of formula (II).

The radicals R₁ --X--, R₂ --Y--, taken as a single substituent group, can also be radicals from nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds having 5 to 8 members, linked to the triazine ring by a bisubstituted nitrogen atom of said radical.

They can also represent Cl-- or Br--;

n is an integer from 2 to 6;

R₃ is a n-valent residue derivating from a polyalcohol, a polymercaptan or a polyamine by reaction of the active H atoms thereof with a halogen atom of a monohalogen triazine;

R₃ can be a radical of type R₁₂ --(Z)_(n) --, wherein R₁₂ is a n-valent, C₁ to C₁₈ aliphatic, C₅ to C₁₈ cycloaliphatic or C₆ to C₁₈ aromatic radical, and Z is --O--, --S--, ##STR7## wherein R₁₁ has the same meaning as previously indicated.

When n = 2, the radical R₃ can also be the bivalent radical of a nitrogenous heterocyclic compound having 6 to 8 members, the bisubstituted nitrogen atoms of which are linked to a triazine ring; when n = 2, R₃ can also be a radical of type ##STR8## in which R₁₃, R₁₄, same or different, are each hydrogen, C₁ to C₁₂ alkyl, C₅ to C₁₂ cycloalkyl, C₆ to C₁₂ aryl, C₇ to C₁₂ aralkyl or a piperidine radical of formula (II).

When n = 3, 4, 5, 6, R₃ can also be a radical of type ##STR9## in which R₁₁ has the same meaning as previously indicated; r, s, same or different, are an integer from 2 to 6 and t is an integer from 0 to 3.

In formula (I) there is the condition that at least in one of the radicals R₁ --X--, R₂ --Y-- and R₃, at least one piperidine radical of formula (II) be present.

An additional object of the invention is to provide a method for the preparation of the above compounds of formula (I).

A further object of the invention is to provide a new stabilizer for synthetic polymers for improving their stability to light, heat and oxidation.

A further object of the invention is to provide a composition of material comprising a synthetic polymer and an amount of stabilizer of formula (I) effective to improve the light stability thereof, as well as additional optional additives.

THE DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In accordance with this invention, in a piperidyltriazine of formula (I), the following preferred embodiments are intended for the various substituent groups:

Representatives of R₁, R₂ are H, OH, NH₂, N(CH₃)₂, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, n-hexyl, n-octyl, n-dodecyl, n-octadecyl, cyclohexyl, 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexyl, phenyl, o--, m--, p-toluyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl, α- or β-naphthyl, benzyl, p-methylbenzyl, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl, 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl, 1-allyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl.

Representatives of R₁₁ are hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, n-hexyl, n-octyl, n-dodecyl, n-octadecyl, cyclohexyl, 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexyl, phenyl, p-toluyl, benzyl, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl, 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl, 1-propyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl.

Representatives of radicals R₁ -- X--, R₂ --Y-- when they represent radicals of nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds having 5 to 8 members, are 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-piperidinyl, 4-morpholinyl, 4-methyl-1-piperazinyl, 4-methyl-1-homopiperazinyl.

Representatives of R₁₂ are, when n = 2: methylene, ethylene, 1,2-propylene, trimethylene, hexamethylene, 2,2,4-trimethylhexamethylene, 2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylene, decamethylene, 1,4-cyclohexylene, 4,4'-methylenedicyclohexylene, o--, m--, p-phenylene, o--, m--, p-xylylene.

When n = 3, examples of R₁₂ are: ##STR10## When n = 4, examples of R₁₂ are: ##STR11## When n = 2, radical R₃ can also be a radical of a heterocyclic compound having 6 to 8 members containing 2 nitrogen atoms, such as: ##STR12## or it can be substituted by a hydrazine radical such as ##STR13##

When n = 3, radical R₃ can be a radical from a dialkylenetriamine, such as: ##STR14##

When n = 4, radical R₃ can be a radical from a trialkylenetetramine, such as: ##STR15##

When n = 5, radical R₃ can be a radical from a tetra-alkylenepentamine, such as: ##STR16##

When n = 6, radical R₃ can be a radical from a penta-alkylenehexamine, such as: ##STR17##

Preparation

The triazine compounds of formula (I) can be prepared by reacting a 4,6-bisubstituted 2-halogen 1,3,5-triazine of formula ##STR18## with a polyfunctional compound of formula

    R.sub.12 --(ZH).sub.n                                      (IV)

or with a hydrazine of formula ##STR19## or with a polyamine of formula ##STR20##

The molar ratio of the reactants of formula (III) to the reactants of formula (IV) is preferably n:1, the molar ratio of the reactants of formula (III) to the reactants of formula (V) is 2:1; the molar ratio of the reactants of formula (III) to the reactants of formula (VI) is preferably one mole of (III) per one amine group; in each case it is possible to employ the reactant of formula (III) in excess to assure a complete reaction.

An alternative process for the preparation of compounds of formula (I) comprises reacting a 6-substituted 2,4-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine of formula ##STR21## with compounds having the formula

    R.sub.1 --XH, R.sub.2 --YH:                                (VIII)

in such a case the molar ratio of reactants (VIII) to dichlorotriazine (VII) is 2n:1, but it is possible to employ an excess of reactants R₁ --XH, R₂ --YH to assure a complete reaction.

The reactions of halogentriazines (III) or (VII) with the compounds of formula (IV), (V), (VI), (VIII) respectively are carried out preferably in the presence of inert solvents such as acetone, dioxane, toluene, xylene, generally operating at the boiling temperature of the solvents.

The reactions are carried out in the presence of organic or inorganic bases in order to fix hydrogen halide; there can be used for example: triethylamine, or tributylamine; sodium hydroxide, carbonate or bicarbonate; potassium hydroxide or carbonate; sodium alcoholates in the case that the compounds of formula (IV) or formula (VIII) are alcohols; sodium mercaptides in the case that the reactants of formula (IV) or formula (VIII) are mercaptans; it is also possible to use an amine excess in the case that a product of formula (VII) is reacted with compounds of formula (VIII) in which X, Y represent ##STR22##

In order to further illustrate the present invention, some examples of preparation are given in the following for an illustrative and not limitative purpose.

EXAMPLE 1

(A) 2-chloro-4,6-bis(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)-1,3,5-triazine was prepared according to the teachings of German patent application 2307 777.

To 55.3 g (0.3 moles) of cyanuric chloride dissolved in 300 ml of acetone were added within 30 minutes at 20°-25° C a solution of 73.2 g (0.6 moles) of 2,6 dimethylphenol, 24 g (0.6 moles) of sodium hydroxide and 340 ml of water.

The mixture was stirred for three hours at the same temperature and the precipitate so obtained was removed by filtration, washed, dried and crystallized from petroleum ether: a white powder melting at 159°-160° C was obtained.

(B) Preparation of N,N'-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)-N,N'-bis[2,4-bis(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)-1,3,5-trazin-6-yl]hexamethylene diamine.

35.5 g (0.1 mole) of 2-chloro-4,6-bis(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)-1,3,5-triazine, 19.7 g (0.05 moles) of 1,6-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidylamino)hexane, 4 g (0.1 mole) of sodium hydroxide and 250 ml of xylol were boiled for 16 hours under stirring. The reaction solvent was removed, the residue was washed with water, dried at 100° C/1 mm and crystallized from anhydrous ethanol.

A white solid melting at 224°-229° C, N % = 13.34 (calculated for C₆₂ H₈₄ N₁₀ O₄ = 13.55%) was obtained.

EXAMPLE 2

(A) 2-chloro-4,6-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidylamino)-1,3,5-triazine was prepared according to the French Pat. No. 2181 059.

To 18.45 (0.1 mole) cyanuric chloride, slurried into 600 ml water, were added 31.2 g (0.2 moles) of 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine and a solution of 8 g (0.2 moles) of sodium hydroxide in 20 ml water. The mixture was stirred for 30 minutes at room temperature, then it was heated to 90° C for 16 hours.

After cooling, the precipitate was removed by filtration, washed and dried under vacuum. A white powder melting at 277°-278° C was obtained.

Preparation of

(B) N,N'-bis[2,4-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidylamino)-1,3,5-triazin-6-yl]hexamethylenediamine:

42.3 (0.1 mole) of 2-chloro-4,6-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidylamino)-1,3,5-triazine, 5.8 g (0.05 moles) of hexamethylenediamine, 4 g (0.1 moles) of sodium hydroxide and 500 ml of xylene were boiled for 16 hours under stirring. After removing the reaction solvent, the residue was washed with water, dried at 100° C/1 mm and crystallized from methylethylketone.

A white solid melting at 153°-156° C was obtained. N % = 24.66 (calculated for C₄₈ H₉₀ N₁₆ = 25.16%).

EXAMPLE 3

(A) Preparation of 2-chloro-4,6-bis-(n-butylamino)-1,3,5-triazine as starting compound:

To a mixture of 18.45 g (0.1 mole) of cyanuric chloride, 180 ml of acetone and 160 g of ice was added 14.6 (0.2 moles) of n-butylamine dissolved in 100 ml acetone. The mixture temperature was raised to 30° C, then 8 g (0.2 moles) of sodium hydroxide dissolved in 100 ml of water were added.

The mixture was stirred for 6 hours at 30°-35° C, then the precipitate so obtained was filtered, washed with water and dried on anhydrous CaCl₂. A white powder melting at 209°-212° C was obtained, chlorine % = 13.70 calculated for C₁₁ H₂₀ ClN₅ = 13.81%.

(B) Preparation of N,N'-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)-N,N'-bis[2,4-bis-(n-butylamino)-1,3,5-triazin-6-yl]ethylene diamine:

51.5 (0.2 moles) of 2-chloro-4,6-bis-n-butylamino-1,3,5-triazine, 33.8 g (0.1 mole) of 1,2-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidylamino)ethane, 8 g (0.2 moles) of sodium hydroxide and 500 ml of xylene were boiled for 16 hours under stirring. After removing the reaction solvent, the residue was washed with water, dried at 100° C/1 mm and crystallized from methyl-ethylketone.

A white solid melting at 143°-45° C was obtained. N % = 24.51 (calculated for C₄₂ H₈₀ N₁₄ = 25.12%).

EXAMPLE 4

Preparation of N,N'-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)-N,N'-bis-[2,4-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidylamino)-1,3,5-triazin-6-yl]ethylenediamine.

21.15 g (0.05 moles) of 2-chloro-4,6-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidylamino)-1,3,5-triazine (prepared according to example 2A), 8.45 g (0.025 moles) of 1,2-bis-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidylamino)ethane, 2 g 0.05) of sodium hydroxide and 150 ml of xylene were boiled for 16 hours under stirring. After removing the reaction solvent, the residue was washed with water, dried at 100° C/1 mm and crystallized from benzene.

A white solid melting at 325°-328° C was obtained. N % = 22.14 (calculated for C₆₂ H₁₁₆ N₁₈ = 22.66%).

EXAMPLE 5

Preparation of N,N'-bis[2,4-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidylamino)-1,3,5-triazin-6-yl]ethylenediamine.

42.3 (0.1 mole) of 2-chloro-4,6-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidylamino)-1,3,5-triazine (prepared according to example 2A), 3 g (0.05 moles) of ethylenediamine, 4 g of sodium hydroxide and 150 ml of xylene were boiled for 16 hours under stirring.

After removing the reaction solvent, the residue was washed with water, dried at 100° C/1 mm and crystallized from methanol. A white solid melting at 290°-292° C was obtained. N % = 26.09 (calculated for C₄₄ H₈₂ N₁₆ = 26.83%).

EXAMPLE 6

(A) Preparation of N,N'-bis(2,4-dichloro-1,3,5-triazin-6-yl)piperazine.

To 36.9 (0.2 moles) of cyanuric chloride dissolved in 200 ml of acetone was added a solution of 8.6 g (0.1 mole) of anhydrous piperazine in 50 ml of acetone at 0°-5° C within 30 minutes. It was stirred for 30 minutes at 0°-5° C, then a solution of 8 g (0.2 moles) of NaOH in 50 ml of water were added within 30 minutes at the same temperature. It was stirred again for 4 hours at 0°-5° C, then it was diluted with 100 ml of ice water, filtered, washed with water and dried on anhydrous CaCl₂. A white powder melting at >300° C was obtained, chlorine % 37.32 (calculated for C₁₀ H₈ Cl₄ N₈ = 37.17%).

(B) Preparation of N,N'-bis[2,4-bis[N(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)-n-butylamino]-1,3,5-triazin-6-yl]piperazine.

19.1 g (0.05 moles) of N,N'-bis(2,4-dichloro-1,3,5-triazin-6-yl)piperazine, 46.6 g (0.22 moles) of 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-(n-butyl-amino)piperidine, 80 ml of xylene and 8 g (0.2 moles) of NaOH were heated at reflux temperature for 16 hours. After removing the reaction solvent, the residue was washed with water, dried at 100° C/1 mm and crystallized from methylethylketone.

A white crystalline product melting at 272°-275° C was obtained, N % 20.37 (calculated for C₆₂ H₁₁₆ N₁₆.H₂ O = 20.32%).

EXAMPLE 7

(A) Preparation of 2-chloro-4,6-bis-[N(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)-ethylamino]-1,3,5-triazine.

To a mixture of 92.2 (0.5 moles) of cyanuric chloride, 500 ml of acetone and 160 g of ice was added 184 g (1 mole) of 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-ethylaminopiperidine dissolved in 100 ml of acetone.

The mixture temperature was raised to 35° C, then 40 g (1 mole) of sodium hydroxide dissolved in 100 ml of water were added. The mixture was stirred for 6 hours at 35°-40° C, then the precipitate so obtained was filtered, washed with water and dried on anhydrous CaCl₂. After crystallization from acetone a white crystalline powder melting at 127°-129° C was obtained, chlorine % = 7.36 (calculated for C₂₅ H₄₆ ClN₇ = 7.40).

(B) Preparation of N,N',N"-tris[2,4-bis[N(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)ethylamino]1,3,5-triazin-6-yl]-diethylenetriamine.

143.8 g (0.3 moles) of 2-chloro-4,6-bis-[N(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)ethylamino]1,3,5-triazine, 10.3 g (0.1 mole) of diethylenetriamine, 12 g of sodium hydroxide and 450 ml of xylene were boiled for 16 hours under stirring.

After filtration, the solution was stirred at room temperature with 50 ml of water. A white precipitate, melting at 145°-150° C, was obtained. N % = 22.78 calculated for C₇₉ H₁₄₈ N₂₄.H₂ O = 23.13%).

Light stabilization tests

The piperidyl triazine derivatives of formula (I) are useful and valuable agents for improving the stability to light, heat and oxidation of synthetic polymers such as, for example, high and low density polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene copolymers, ethylene-vinylacetate copolymers, polybutadiene, polyisoprene, polystyrene, styrene-butadiene copolymers, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymers, vinyl- and vinylidene chloride polymers and copolymers, polyoxymethylene, polyethylene-terephthalate, nylon 66, nylon 6, nylon 12, polyurethanes, unsaturated polyesters.

The compounds of formula (I) can be employed in a mixture with the synthetic polymers in various proportions, depending on the polymer nature, final use and presence of additional additives.

Generally it is preferable to employ from 0.01 to 5% by weight of compounds of formula (I) referred to the polymer weight, more preferably from 0.1 to 1%.

The compounds of formula (I) can be included in a polymeric material composition by various procedures, such as dry mixing in the form of powder, or by a wet process in the form of a solution or slurry. In said operation the synthetic polymer can be employed in the form of powder, granulate, solution, slurry or emulsion.

The polymers stabilized by the products of formula (I) can be used for the manufacture of molded articles, films, tapes fibers, monofilaments and the like.

A mixture of compounds of formula (I) and synthetic polymers can be optionally additioned with other additives, such as antioxidants, UV absorbers, nickel stabilizers, pigments, charges, plastifying agents, antistatic agents, flame retardants, lubricating agents, anticorrosive agents, metal inhibitors, and the like.

Particular examples of additives which can be employed in a mixture with the compounds of formula (I) are:

phenolic antioxidants, such as 2,6-ditert-butyl-p-cresol, 4,4'-thiobis-(3-methyl-6-tertbutylphenol), 1,1,3-tris-(2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tertbutylphenyl)butane, octadecyl-3-(3,5-ditertbutyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate, pentaerythritol-tetra-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate, tris-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)isocyanurate;

esters of thiodipropionic acid, such as di-n-dodecylthiodipropionate, di-n-octadecyl-thiodipropionate, aliphatic sulfides and disulfides, such as di-n-dodecyl-sulfide, di-n-octadecyl-sulfide, di-n-octadecyl-disulfide;

aliphatic, aromatic or aliphatic-aromatic phosphites and thiophosphites, such as tri-n-dodecyl-phosphite, tris-(n-nonylphenyl)phosphite, tri-n-dodecyl-trithiophosphite, phenyl-di-n-decylphosphite, di-n-octadecylpentaerythritoldiphosphite;

UV absorbers such as 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-n-dodecyloxybenzophenone, 2-(2'-hydroxy-3',5'-ditert-butylphenyl)5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-3',5'-di-tert-amylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2,4-ditertbutylphenyl-3,5-ditertbutyl-4-hydroxybenzoate, phenyl-salicylate, p-tert-butylphenyl-salicylate, 2,2'-dioctyloxy-5,5'-ditertbutyloxanilide, 2-ethoxy-5-tertbutyl-2'-ethyloxanilide;

nickel stabilizers such as Ni monoethyl-3,5-ditertbutyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonate, butylamine-Ni 2,2'-thiobis-(4-tertoctylphenolate) complex, Ni 2,2'-thiobis-(4-tertoxtylphenolphenolate), Ni dibutyldithiocarbamate, Ni 3,5-ditertbutyl-4-hydroxybenzoate, Ni complex of 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone; organo-tin compounds, such as dibutyl-tin-maleate, dibutyl-tin-laurate, di-n-octyl-tin-maleate;

acrylic esters, such as ethyl-α-cyano-β,β-diphenylacrylate, methyl-α-cyano-β-methyl-4-methoxycinnamate;

metal salts of higher fat acids, such as calcium, barium, zinc, cadmium, lead, nickel stearates, calcium cadmium, barium, zinc laurates.

In the following several examples are described, in an illustrative and not limitative way, for illustrating the usefulness of the compounds of formula (I) obtained in examples 1-7, for the stabilization of synthetic polymers.

The results of the test are listed in the tables and compared with tests carried out without using any stabilizer and using a known stabilizer commercially available.

EXAMPLE 8

2.5 g of each of the compounds listed in table 1 below, dissolved in 100 ml chloroform, were mixed with 1000 g polypropylene (Moplen C, manufactured by Societa Montedison, Italy), 1 g n-octadecyl-3(3,5-ditert.butyl-4-hydroxy-phenyl)propionate and 1 g calcium stearate.

The solvent was removed in an oven under vacuum at a temperature of 50° C for 4 hours.

The dry mixture so obtained was then extruded at a temperature of 200° C and made into granules, wherefrom 0.2 mm thick plates were produced by diecasting at 200° C.

Said plates were exposed in a Xenotest 150 apparatus at a black panel temperature of 60° C and the increase in the content of carbonyl groups was periodically determined using the not exposed specimens for balancing the polymer original absorption. The time (T 0.1) required to have a ΔCO% = 0.1 at 5.85 μm was then calculated.

As a comparison, a polymer plate was produced under the same conditions, but without addition of any light stabilizer, and another one with the addition of 2.5 g of 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone, a usual commercial stabilizer.

The results are referred in Table 1.

                  Table 1                                                          ______________________________________                                         Stabilizer                T 0.1 (hours)                                        ______________________________________                                         None                       280                                                 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone                                                                        900                                                 Compound of example 1     1170                                                 Compound of example 2     1550                                                 Compound of example 3     1460                                                 Compound of example 4     1780                                                 Compound of example 5     1680                                                 Compound of example 6     1600                                                 Compound of example 7     1570                                                 ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 9

2 g of each of the compounds listed in table 2 below, dissolved in 100 ml chloroform, were mixed with 1000 g of high density polyethylene (Moplen RO, manufactured by Societa Montedison, Italy), 0.5 g of n-octadecyl-3-(3,5-ditert.butyl-4-hydroxy-phenyl)propionate and 1 g of calcium stearate.

The solvent was removed in an oven under vacuum at a temperature of 50° C for 4 hours.

The dry mixture so obtained was then extruded at a temperature of 190° C and made into granules, wherefrom by diecasting at 200° C plates 0.2 mm thick were produced, said plates were exposed in a Xenotest 150 apparatus, as in example 8.

The time T 0.05 required to have ΔCO% = 0.05 at 5.85 μm was determined.

As a comparison, under the same conditions a polymer plate was produced without addition of any light stabilizer and another plate was produced with addition of 2 g of 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone.

The results are referred in table 2.

                  Table 2                                                          ______________________________________                                         Stabilizer               T 0.05 (hours)                                        ______________________________________                                         None                      320                                                  2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone                                                                      1100                                                  Compound of example 1    1750                                                  Compound of example 2    2300                                                  Compound of example 3    2080                                                  Compound of example 4    2360                                                  Compound of example 5    2210                                                  Compound of example 6    2190                                                  Compound of example 7    2270                                                  ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 10

The polypropylene granules produced in example 8 were made into fibers under the following conditions:

Extruder temperature -- 250°-260° C

Die temperature -- 250° C

Stretching ratio -- 1:4

Multifilament count -- 1080/200 den

The fibers were assembled on a white paperboard and exposed until brittleness in a Xenotest 150 at a black panel temperature of 60° C.

Another lot of the same fibers were subjected to tests of extraction fastness under the following conditions: the fibers fixed to a stainless steel frame were soaked into an aqueous solution containing 0.5% b.w. of a commercially available surfactant "DIXAN", under stirring at a temperature of 80° C.

After 10 hours treating, the fibers were rinsed with distilled water, dried and exposed until brittleness to the Xenotest 150 under the same conditions as above.

As a comparison under the same conditions, polypropylene fibers were produced and treated with addition of

(a) 0.25% by weight of 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone, and

(b) 0.25% by weight of 2,4,6-tris(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidylamino)1,3,5-triazine, as an example of French Pat. No. 2181 059. The results obtained are referred in table 3.

                  Table 3                                                          ______________________________________                                                      Time to brittleness (hours)                                       Stabilizer     Not treated fibers                                                                          treated fibers                                     ______________________________________                                         a)              670         360                                                b)             1080         380                                                Compound of example 1                                                                          950         780                                                Compound of example 2                                                                         1160         960                                                Compound of example 3                                                                         1020         810                                                Compound of example 4                                                                         1250         1040                                               Compound of example 5                                                                         1090         870                                                Compound of example 6                                                                         1170         920                                                Compound of example 7                                                                         1190         870                                                ______________________________________                                    

From the test results, a considerable increase in the time required to induce a degradation in a polymer stabilized by the invention compounds can be observed with respect to the same polymer not stabilized.

Furthermore, clearly improved effects induced by the invention compounds can be observed in comparison with a similar proportion of a prior art additive.

It will be further appreciated from table 3 that the stabilizers of the invention maintain a very high proportion of their activity, when the stabilized fibers have been treated so as to promote the extraction thereof from the polymer, even when the polymer is in the very thin form of a fiber or film. 

We claim:
 1. A method of increasing the light stability of a synthetic polymer, comprising adding to a composition of material of said synthetic polymer, an amount of a compound having the formula ##STR23## wherein R₁, R₂, same or different, are hydrogen, hydroxyl, straight or branched chain C₁ to C₁₈ alkyl, C₅ to C₁₈ cycloalkyl, substituted or not substituted C₆ to C₁₈ aryl, C₇ to C₁₈ aralkyl or a piperidine radical of formula (II) ##STR24## in which R₄, R₅, R₇, R₈, same or different, are selected from C₁ to C₆ alkyl and R₆ is selected from H, O, C₁ to C₁₂ alkyl, C₂ to C₁₂ alkenyl or alkinyl,a group ##STR25## in which R₉, R₁₀, same or different, are selected from hydrogen, a C₁ to C₈ alkyl, a C₅ to C₈ cycloalkyl or a C₆ to C₈ aryl; X, y, same or different, are --O--, --S-- or ##STR26## R₁₁ being selected from H, a straight or branched chain C₁ to C₁₈ alkyl, C₅ to C₁₈ cycloalkyl, C₆ to C₁₈ aryl, C₇ to C₁₈ aralkyl or a piperidine radical of formula (II); the radicals R₁ --X--, R₂ --Y--, taken as a single substituent group representing a radical of a nitrogenous heterocyclic compound having 5 to 8 atoms linked to the triazine ring by means of a distributed nitrogen atom of said radical, as well as representing Cl-- and Br--; n is an integer from 2 to 6; R₃ is an n-valent residue derived from a polyalcohol, a polymercaptan or a polyamine by reaction of the active H atoms thereof with a halogen atom of a monohalogen triazine; in the formula (I) there is in at least one of the radicals R₁ --X--, R₂ --Y--, R₃, at least one piperidine radical of formula (II) present, effective to increase the light stability of said synthetic polymer.
 2. A composition comprising a synthetic polymer of increased stability having incorporated with the polymer in an amount effective to increase the light stability of the polymer, a compound having the formula ##STR27## wherein: R₁, R₂, same or different, are straight or branched chain C₁ to C₁₈ alkyl, C₅ to C₁₈ cycloalkyl, C₆ to C₁₈ aryl, C₇ to C₁₈ aralkyl or a piperidine radical of formula (II) ##STR28## in which R₄, R₅, R₇, R₈, same or different, are selected from C₁ to C₆ alkyl and R₆ is selected from H, O, C₁ to C₁₂ alkyl, C₂ to C₁₂ alkenyl or alkinyl,a group ##STR29## in which R₉, R₁₀, same or different, are selected from hydrogen, a C₁ to C₈ alkyl, a C₅ to C₈ cycloalkyl or a C₆ to C₈ aryl; X, y, same or different, are --O--, --S-- or ##STR30## R₁₁ being selected from H, a straight or branched chain C₁ to C₁₈ alkyl, C₅ to C₁₈ cycloalkyl, C₆ to C₁₈ aryl, C₇ to C₁₈ aralkyl to a piperidine radical of formula (II); when X or Y is ##STR31## the R₁ or R₂ attached thereto also can be hydrogen; the radicals R₁ --X--, R₂ --Y--, taken as a single substituent group representing a radical of a nitrogenous heterocyclic compound having 5 to 8 atoms linked to the triazine ring by means of a disubstituted nitrogen atom of said radical, as well as representing Cl-- and Br--; n is an integer from 2 to 6; R₃ is a n-valent residue derived from a polyalcohol, a polymercaptan or a polyamine by reaction of the active H atoms thereof with a halogen atom of a monohalogen triazine; in the formula (I) there is in at least one of the radicals R₁ --X--, R₂ --Y--, R₃, at least one piperidine radical of formula (II) present.
 3. A composition according to claim 2, wherein R₃ is a radical R₁₂ --(Z)--_(n), where R₁₂ is an n-valent C₁ to C₁₈ aliphatic, C₅ to C₁₈ cycloaliphatic or C₆ to C₁₈ aromatic radical, and Z is --O--, --S--, ##STR32## R₁₁.
 4. A composition according to claim 2, in which R₁₂ is C₁ to C₁₀ alkylene, C₆ to C₁₀ cycloalkylene, C₆ to C₁₀ arylene or C₇ to C₁₀ aralkylene.
 5. A composition according to claim 3, in which X, Y, Z are --O--, >NH, >N-alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms or >N-Pip, Pip being 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl, R₁, R₂ are hydrogen, C₁ to C₆ are alkyl or 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl, R₄, R₅, R₇, R₈ are methyl, R₆ is hydrogen, R₉, R₁₀ are hydrogen, R₁₁ is hydrogen, C₁ to C₆ alkyl or 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl, R₁₂ is C₂ to C₆ alkylene.
 6. A composition according to claim 2, wherein n=2, radical R₃ is a bivalent radical of a nitrogenous heterocyclic compound having 6-8 members, the bisubstituted nitrogen atoms of which are linked to a triazine ring.
 7. A composition according to claim 6, in which said bivalent heterocyclic radical is piperazin-1,4-diyl.
 8. A composition according to claim 2, in which n=2, radical R₃ is ##STR33## in which R₁₃, R₁₄, same or different, are each hydrogen, C₁ to C₁₂ alkyl, C₅ to C₁₂ cycloalkyl, C₆ to C₁₂ aryl, C₇ to C₁₂ aralkyl, or a piperidine radical of formula (II).
 9. A composition according to claim 8, wherein R₁₃, R₁₄ are hydrogen or methyl.
 10. A composition according to claim 8, in which X, Y, Z are --O--, NH, N-alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms or N-Pip, Pip being 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl, R₁, R₂ are C₁ to C₆ alkyl, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl, or when X or Y is ##STR34## the R₁ or R₂ attached thereto also can be hydrogen, R₄, R₅, R₇, R₈ are methyl, R₆ is hydrogen, R₉, R₁₀ are hydrogen, R₁₁ is hydrogen, C₁ to C₆ alkyl or 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl, R₁₃, R₁₄ are hydrogen.
 11. A composition according to claim 2, in which when n = 3, 4, 5, 6, R₃ is the radical ##STR35## wherein r, s, same or different, are an integer from 2 to 6 and t is an integer from 0 to
 3. 12. A composition according to claim 11, wherein r and s are selected from 2, 3, or 6, t is O, n is 2 or
 3. 13. A composition according to claim 11, wherein X, Y, Z are --O--, >N^(H), N-alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms or N-Pip, Pip being 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl, R₁, R₂ are C₁ to C₆ alkyl, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl, or when X or Y ##STR36## the R₁ or R₂ attached thereto also can be hydrogen, R₄, R₅, R₇, R₈ are methyl, R₆ is hydrogen, R₉, R₁₀ are hydrogen, R₁₁ is hydrogen, C₁ to C₆ alkyl or 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl, r, s are 2 or 3, t is O, and n is 2 or
 3. 14. The composition according to claim 2, in which R₁₁ is selected from hydrogen, straight or branched chain C₁ to C₁₀ alkyl, C₆ to C₁₀ cycloalkyl, C₆ to C₁₀ aryl, or a piperidine radical of formula (II).
 15. A composition according to claim 2, wherein R₁, R₂, same or different, are selected from C₁ to C₁₀ alkyl, C₅ to C₁₀ cycloalkyl, C₆ to C₁₀ aryl, as a piperidine radical or formula (II).
 16. A composition according to claim 2, in which R₄, R₅, R₇, R₈ are each methyl and R₆ is hydrogen or methyl.
 17. A composition according to claim 2, wherein R₉, R₁₀ are hydrogen or methyl.
 18. A composition according to claim 2, wherein said synthetic polymer is a polyolefin.
 19. A composition according to claim 18, wherein said synthetic polymer is polypropylene.
 20. A composition according to claim 18, wherein said synthetic polymer is polyethylene.
 21. A composition according to claim 18, wherein said synthetic polymer is in the form of fibers or film.
 22. A composition according to claim 2, containing from 0.1 to 1% by weight referred to the synthetic polymer composition.
 23. A composition according to claim 2, wherein the radicals R₁ --X--, R₂ --Y--, taken as a single substituent group represent 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-piperidinyl, 4-morpholinyl, 4-methyl-1-piperazinyl, 4-methyl-1-homo-piperazinyl, Cl⁻⁻ or Br⁻⁻.
 24. A method of increasing the light stability of a synthetic polymer, comprising adding to a composition of material of said synthetic polymer, an amount of a compound having the formula ##STR37## wherein: R₁ R₂, same or different, are straight or branched chain C₁ to C₁₈ alkyl, C₅ to C₁₈ cycloalkyl, C₆ to C₁₈ aryl, C₇ to C₁₈ aralkyl or a piperidine radical of formula (II) ##STR38## in which R₄, R₅, R₇, R₈ , same or different, are selected from C₁ to C₆ alkyl and R₆ is selected from H, O, C₁ to C₁₂ alkyl, C₂ to C₁₂ alkenyl or alkinyl,a group ##STR39## in which R₉, R₁₀, same or different, are selected from hydrogen, a C₁ to C₈ alkyl, a C₅ to C₈ cycloalkyl or a C₆ to C₈ aryl; X, y, same or different, are --O--, --S-- or ##STR40## R₁₁ being selected from H, a straight or branched C₁ to C₁₈ alkyl, C₅ to C₁₈ cycloalkyl, C₆ to C₁₈ aryl, C₇ to C₁₈ aralkyl or a piperidine radical of formula (II); When X or Y is ##STR41## the R₁ or R₂ attached thereto also can be hydrogen; the radicals R₁ --X--, R₂ --Y--, taken as a single substituent group representing a radical of a nitrogenous heterocyclic compound having 5 to 8 atoms linked to the triazine ring by means of a disubstituted nitrogen atom of said radical, as well as representing Cl-- and Br--; n is an integer from 2 to 6; R₃ is an n-valent residue derived from a polyalcohol, a polymercaptan or a polyamine by reaction of the active H atoms thereof with a halogen atom of a monohalogen triazine; in the formula (I) there is in at least one of the radicals R₁ --X--, R₂ --Y--, R₃, at least one piperidine radical of formula (II) present, effective to increase the light stability of said synthetic polymer. 